The arguments for human surrogacy Essay Example for Free

The contentions for human surrogacy Essay Regarding both strict and moral perspectives, clarify the contentions for human surrogacy. [35] Surrogacy is the point at which a lady conveys a kid in the interest of another person. There are four expansive sorts of surrogacy: halfway, full, business and willful. Incomplete surrogacy happens when the proxy mother gives her egg which is treated either in vitro and set through manual semen injection into the belly or she is misleadingly inseminated by the planned father’s sperm. Just in exceptionally uncommon cases would sex occur. Full surrogacy happens when the proposed guardians give egg and sperm. Now and again a benefactor sperm/egg might be utilized. Business surrogacy alludes to courses of action whereby a lady is contracted and paid to be a proxy mother and to convey an infant to the proposed guardians; in numerous nations this is illicit. Deliberate or unselfish surrogacy alludes to a substitute course of action where the proxy mother intentionally offers to hold up under a kid for another couple yet not for business gain. Surrogacy of any sort raises numerous strict and moral issues. In looking at reasons why individuals might be agreeable to surrogacy, a decent spot to begin is the Christian view. Surrogacy will in general be bolstered by liberal divisions, for example, the United Methodist Church in America. Surrogacy could be a manner by which a barren couple could satisfy the Biblical order to, â€Å"be productive and multiply.† Children can contend a marriage and are a blessing from God. Surrogacy could be a demonstration of huge sympathy and caring assistance, in accordance with the educating of Jesus: â€Å"When he saw the groups, he had empathy for them,† Matthew 9:36. Intentional or selfless surrogacy alludes to a proxy course of action where the substitute mother willfully offers to hold up under a kid for another couple however not for business gain. Her intentions could be out of affection or good cause or self-satisfaction. The account of Abraham and Hagar is a Biblical case of surrogacy, in spite of the fact that it doesn't really overlook or advance the training. Christian and mainstream utilitarians the same help surrogacy. Utilitarians accept that man wants to repeat situated in human science. The Utilitarian wishes to amplify joy and limit the torment of barrenness. Since effective surrogacy will bring a colossal measure of bliss. When considering issues, for example, fruitlessness we should not take a gander at it in generic, philosophical terms. It is a difficult that must be genuinely comprehended at human level. Those that have never endured barrenness won't have a clue about the genuine torment these scholars are in concurrence with such medicines. On account of a barren couple the utilitarian will take a gander at the choices accessible and endeavor towards to objective of origination. To cite Laura Bush, â€Å"For the individuals who profoundly need youngsters and are denied them, those missing infants drift like quiet transient shadows over their lives.† Advocates of circumstance morals likewise would bolster surrogacy, contingent upon the conditions. This hypothesis is supportive of regenerative innovation in the event that it is the most adoring game-plan in the specific circumstance. It isn't absolutist. This hypothesis says that singular circumstances are extraordinary. This hypothesis accepts that there is just a single basic standard: you do whatever is the most cherishing activity in a circumstance. Moral principles are auxiliary. In the conditions of a barren couple you make the line of move which will be the most adoring thing for a couple in their one of a kind conditions. Besides, surrogacy is an issue of individual self-governance and conceptive opportunity. To an enormous degree in the western world there has been a convention of giving couples the opportunity to settle on their own choices about childbearing and childrearing. The family has verifiably been a spot with a privilege to protection and past the intercession of governments. Somewhat this has changed with the presentation of counterfeit types of proliferation for example IVF treatment. On the off chance that a couple profoundly wants kids, it ought not be the government’s job to mention to them what they should or shouldn't do. It could be contended that parenthood is a human right, in light of the fact that as indicated by the UNHRD: â€Å"Parents have the elite option to decide uninhibitedly and dependably the number and dispersing of their children.† Humans have individual sway, which is to be liberated from the control or intimidation of others. In this way they ought to be permitted to settle on their own choices about their families. All things considered, as a rule a proxy youngster is a needed kid whose guardians are set up to go to outrageous lengths to make them recommend, that they will make generally excellent guardians. This by itself could be sufficient to legitimize the training. Surrogacy is commonly bolstered inside the gay network, since it empowers same sex couples to become guardians through the presentation of an outsider. At last, surrogacy makes us reevaluate our perspectives on family, marriage, sex and what makes a mother. Despite our perspectives, we ought to be sympathetic towards those experiencing the impacts of fruitlessness. You can't comprehend their circumstance except if you have encountered it by and by. To cite Elayne Boosler, â€Å"The Vatican is against proxy moms. Beneficial thing they didnt have that standard when Jesus was born.†

Salem Witch Trials Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Salem Witch Trials - Coursework Example finished rights, the prison states of charged were nevertheless unforgiving, with the blamed witches regularly tied for quite a long time inside virus overwhelmed, noxious cells; as a result, driving numerous guiltless detainees to acknowledged their discipline for offenses they knew little about.2 Those who endeavored to escape would quickly be executed when gotten. The assessments for proof were mortifying, best case scenario, for the charged were regularly stripped bare and tormented considerably more to admit. The informers were nevertheless a segment of the puritans with solid convictions in the presence of devilish sprits and the related power over each awful thing throughout everyday life; and was the situation when their kids started acting in opposition to their doctrinal convictions, prompting the Salem black magic allegations. The charged witches were taken before selected justices, actually addressed, with their informers showing up in the courts in a great showcase of verbally abusing shouts and squirming of the alleged evil soul had little youngsters, which to the incredulity of many, were the finished proof in the preliminaries. Confidence in the threats of heavenly powers had for some time been developed by the network, and that the difficulties, for example, the eventual outcomes of the wars, smallpox pestilence, among different clashes also the taking off crime percentages just established the stewing strains and

Work of the Week! Carol Richmond Writing

Work of the Week! Carol Richmond Writing Ever since I took on the role of Ebenezer Scrooge in our schools 6th grade Christmas play, Ive wondered about the term carol. The only other instance of the word had been a proper name, usually female. When meant as a song, usage can be traced as far back by the OED to the 14th Century. For a song specifically for Christmas, the oldest recorded usage there is the 16th. By the time Dickens wrote his tale, I suppose other uses of the word had become rare. Like the novelist, however, we still employ the adjective Christmas before the noun, a redundancy; there are no Thanksgiving carols or Valentines Day carols, after all. Some of us even go caroling, and we do not modify the gerund at all. As to its origins, our word of the week harkens back to the Middle English karol and the Old French  carole. The latter apparently signified a round dance with singing. Incidentally, hark, a verb for listen that we tend to only use in a particular carol, itself comes from Middle English. We trot out the language of Chaucer for special occasions, or even older words such as last years pick, Yule.   Think about it for a moment: when have you used the word herald, as a noun or verb, save in reference to a newspapers title? I have been reading Henry Bradleys excellent, and once influential book  The Making of English.  Ive an inexpensive Dover edition, but it can be had, for free, online. Bradley notes how enriching the influence of other languages were upon English, a process that continues today. The very act of including new terms adds nuance, Bradley insists, and the pedantry that would bid us reject the word fittest to our purpose. . .ought to be strenuously rejected. In that spirit, carol has come to possess a singular use, giving us just the right term at just the correct time. Bradley refers to this process of narrowing meanings as specialization, whereby a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower sense. Something about the season of lengthening nights, then returning light, also brings out ancient words from many faiths, words perfectly suited to solemnity of long dark nights or the joy of celebrations. Some of us deck those halls and trim a tree without cutting it. I attend a Yule party every year, where we wassail the apple tree: drinking a toast while saying the old Wassail! Drink hale! from pre-Christian days. So hearken to these antique terms this holiday.   And may they be as bright as Scrooges, after he had some ghostly visitors. No humbug around here, please! We will ring in the New Year with a metaphor of the month, but until then, were away for the holidays. Please send us words and metaphors useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here. Image from  A Christmas Carol courtesy of Project Gutenberg. Read the  entire text there.

Sports - 1179 Words

Jordan Murry 4/24/14 Sociology of Sport 233- Final Paper Undefeated Sociological Analysis It is my honor to be doing my first submission of a topic based on the sociological aspects of the sports world in this month’s addition of Sports Illustrated. First off, let me start by saying â€Å"Undefeated† was an excellent film choice to look at from a sociological perspective. Not only does this film posses multiple theories and sociological concepts, but it also has real-life stories built into the film. The viewer almost feels a personal relationship with these characters by how detailed and up close the documentary is. The first theory that the film shows is the conflict theory. The Manassas High School football team is in†¦show more content†¦Bill Courtney will always be remembered as the man that got the Manassas Tigers out of their low class struggles. Even with low valued resources like football equipment and lack of players, coach Bill got the Tigers to their first playoff appearance in school history. He did this through compassion (at times to o much) and a fatherly guidance to all the young men on his football team. The film did an outstanding job at underlining the journey of three seniors on the Tigers football teams. These young men are O.C. Brown, Montrail ‘Money’ Brown, and Chavis Daniels. The second theory the film uses is functionalism. This theory is used by highlighting the lives of these three seniors, and how their homes (intuitions) and up bringing lead them to their respective paths in life. The film first touches on the story of Montrail Brown, and how the last words of his dying father was for him to pursue the highest level of education. This unfortunate experience at the age of 13 fueled Montrail to excel in the classroom. By Brown’s senior year he had earned a 3.8 GPA and his only goal was to get his football team to the playoffs and receive a college scholarship. At an undersized offensive lineman, ‘Money’ knew he would not be receiving an athletic scholarship but possibly an academic scholarship because of his academic success and serious financialShow MoreRelatedSports : Sports And Sports2137 Words   |  9 PagesEthics in Sports Sports in the twentieth first century has become an essential component of education. Recreational athletic activities have a great role in perfecting human spirit. Through the healthy competition sports influence the cultivation of will, perseverance, responsibility, ability to eliminate the inconvenience and many more. Moreover sport is a great tool which gathers people together towards the common objective, regardless of their nationality, race, religion or beliefs – both on theRead MoreSports And Its Impact On Sports Essay962 Words   |  4 Pagesother International sport competitions has catalyzed the sports scientists to take interest in exploring all the aspects and possibilities that can contribute to enhance sports performance to an greater heights. In sports primary motive is to win the game by following set of rules. By playing within these rules one s character is developed. What matters in the sports is how the player handles victory and how to handle the disappo intments that comes with the defeat. Although sports is not an art orRead MoreSports : Sports And Sports1092 Words   |  5 PagesSports fans have different reasons on why they have a passion for sports. Several fans can remember memorable events in sports history that touched their lives. Fans will laugh and cry when they watch the HBO Documentary â€Å"Sport in America† because they will hear incredible stories that will make them think about why they love sports. Sports Illustrated, Endgame entertainment, and HBO asked Americans why different games and memorable moments in sports touched their lives. Thousands of fans respondedRead MoreSports : Sports And Sporting Activities1568 Words   |  7 Pagesemphasis placed on sports and sporting activities. Every public school, middle and up, offers some sporting program, and most private schools do as well. The real issue at question is whether sports are affecting the education of students and young adults, who may have carried their sporting career into college. In general, people of all ages spend a lot of time both in person and on TV watching sports, not to mention those who are actively participating in the sporting event. With sports taking up mostRead MoreSports And Sports For Constructive Alternatives1011 Words   |  5 PagesThis March, the Center for Constructive Alternatives series dealt with the topic of Sport and Character. In today’s age, sport and sporting events have becom e pinnacles of American entertainment, money, and paparazzi. One is inundated with constant updates regarding football scores, feuds between athletes, and controversy over refereeing. With sport being such a focus in media and society, it often seems that sport and character are incompatible. Too often one sees an athlete get caught using illegalRead MoreSports Management : Sport Management816 Words   |  4 Pages Sport management Did you know that there is more to sports teams than just scoring goals, touchdowns and runs? Sport management is a field concerning the business and education part of sports and recreation. It includes the front office system in professional sports, college sports, and recreation. Some examples of sport managers are: recreational sport managers, sport marketing, event management, facility management, sport economics, sport finance and sport information. Sport management canRead MoreThe Impact Of Sports On Sports Industry950 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition of sport industry; the sports industry is a market wherein the products manufactured and offered to its customers are sport, recreation and fitness related and may be activities, amenities or people. Sports we support, follow and play today are part of our day-to-day lives and we forget that over 250 years ago the sports established today did not yet exist and the few that did would be unappealing and unrecognisable to the sports fans of today. Looking back to the history of sports we see aRead MoreSports Media Changing the Sports Industry 648 Words   |  3 Pagesmoments, the impact ESPN has made on sports, sports media and the sports industry as a whole can’t be overlooked. On September 7th 1979 ESPN launched their flagship show, SportsCenter. This moment in sports media history was a game changer for the way fans consume sports. It is amazing that back in 1979, the concept of watching highlights and footage of games when they were happening or just completed was unfathomable for most people. The moment SportsCenter aired, sports marketing and media was alteredRead MoreHbo : Sports And Sports1118 Words   |  5 PagesDocumentary â€Å"Sport in America†. Sports fans have different reasons on why they have a passion for sports. Several fans can remember memorable events in sports history that touched their lives. Fans will laugh and cry when they watch the HBO Documentary â€Å"Sport in America† because they will hear incredible stories that will make them think about why they love sports. Sports Illustrated, Endgame entertainment, and HBO asked Americans why different games and memorable moments in sports touched theirRead MoreSports : The Negative Side Of Youth Sports903 Words   |  4 PagesMany people think that sports help children develop teamwork, self-confidence, moral character, and other personal strength but others see the negative side of youth sports, believing young athletes develop aggressive traits such as bullying and the need to dominate their opponents not just on but off the field as well. Youth sports have become far too intense, especially in contact sports. It is true that participation in youth athletics has a number of benefits such as the building self-confidence

A Case On Proactive Death Such As Physician Assisted Suicide

This essay will reveal different case studies on proactive death such as physician-assisted suicide, pro-life principles to natural death emphasis on life at conception and the circumstances under which proactive efforts are permissible. Physicians assisting in suicide deaths are not productive in this area because some not trained in this field of expertise. Moll assert, doctors, are of little help. They have no training in how to discuss end-of-life issues with families and patients, so they avoid the conversation and call on other staff trained in this area. (88) Moll also points out, people wants to be cared for, even if they do not want every possible procedure performed on them. (88) The best thing for people to do is discuss their end-of-life arrangements before major decision making is needed so the doctors, hospital staff and family members would not have to deal with the stress of this situation. According to Humphry physician-assisted suicide is giving a patient a legal drug to help them die. (2) When patients give up on life because of intense pain and not wanting their family to see them go through so much suffering, and lose hope in God, they turn to self-murder with assistance. Humphry also states, assisting in dying means being present during the happening and giving love and moral support to the act.(19) Christians whether relatives, church members or friends, use their faith and trust in God to comfort people in time of sorrow and grief. In spite ofShow MoreRelatedShould Abortion Be Legalized Active Euthanasia? Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesPatients must then give two verbal requests to their physician no fewer than two weeks apart from one another. Then a patient must give a written order to the physician requesting euthanasia. After all of these steps have been completed, a patient may then receive euthanasia by receiving a lethal dose of medication. Because life and death hang in the balance, the right to die movement can provoke a variety of very strong emotions. As is the case with any topic, there are many differing views and opinionsRead MoreEssay on Euthanasia: Unethical And Immoral2106 Words   |  9 Pagesmedical condition, euthanasia should not be an end of life choice. But what is euthanasia or doctor-assisted suicide? Euthanasia is defined as the bringing about of a gentle and easy death for a person suffering from a painful incurable disease, while Suicide on the other hand, is the intentional killing of oneself. Doctor-assisted suicide combines both of these definitions with the idea of a physician helping a terminally ill patient to die. Doctors can perform euthanasia by giving a patient a lethalRead MoreDementia Patients Denied Rights1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdecade. Once diagnosed with dementia herself, Sheri was proactive and created an AD. She insisted that her caregivers withhold nutrition and hydration whe n her disease progressed to a certain point. Sheri’s dementia had eventually advanced to the point to which she needed total assistance with daily activities, such as eating. At this point, Janet, Sheri’s daughter and power of attorney, decided her mother’s current wishes were to hasten death. Janet instructed the nursing home abide by the conditionsRead MoreThe Controversial Medical Practices Of Euthanasia Essay1844 Words   |  8 Pagesact or practice of killing someone who is very sick or injured in order to prevent any more suffering† (Merriam-Webster). Although there is only one definition available for the medical practice, it has two different titles — euthanasia or assisted suicide. Although each one carries the same meaning, both make very different statements. This can lead some individuals to take sides based simply on their perception of the term. What may seem like a cut-and-dry argument, or a simple a yes or noRead MoreIs Privileges A Special Entitlement?1856 Words   |  8 Pagesthat over forty of those patients were given an overabundance amount of morphine prior to dying, seemingly euthanasia (Van Camp, 2014). Many viewed these findings to be that medical personnel had acted with intention to inflict death upon these patients; specifically a physician Anna Pou who was accused of homicide for four of the patients (Van Camp, 2014). There were arguments from both sides, one that it was pure murder not to be mistaken as euthanasia and the other side from Pou that she was not theRead MoreAn Ethical Framework Stand Point, Utilitarian s Would Argue For Non Voluntary Euthanasia1861 Words   |  8 Pagesbut also totaling the numbers in the population afflicted with dementia, â€Å"around 1% of the population receives support for dementia† (Sharp, 2012), so therefore the number of loved ones affected would be much higher , leading a utilitarian to choose death of the cognitively impaired individual rather than becoming such a burden. By sacrificing one cognitively impaired individual, there will result in greater overall good in the rest of the population in terms of financial and resources. One ethicalRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pagesand Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Labor, Ways and Means, Oversight and Government Reform, the Budget, Rules, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned A BILL To provide affordable, quality health care for all Americans and reduce the growth in health care spending, and for other purposes. 1 Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesRecession 21 Off Shoring 21 Mergers 22 A Look at Ethics 22 Summary 23 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 24 Key Terms 24 HRM Workshop 25 Linking Concepts to Practice: Discussion Questions 25 Developing Diagnostic and Analytical Skills 25 Case 1: Work/Life Balance at Baxter 25 Working with a Team: Understanding Diversity Issues 25 Learning an HRM Skill: Guidelines for Acting Ethically 26 Enhancing Your Communication Skills 26 ETHICAL ISSUES IN HRM: Invasion of Privacy? 9 WORKPLACE ISSUES:Read MoreEssay Paper84499 Words   |  338 Pagesmobilization, the Contents proponent may modify chapters and policies contained in this regulation. Chapters 6 and 7 and appendixes E and F apply to Army National Guard Soldiers when on AD Title 10, for 30 days or more, and in all other cases, Army National Guard Soldiers are governed by NGR 600–21 and NGR 600–22. Portions of this regulation that prescribe specific conduct are punitive, and violations of these provisions may subject offenders to nonjudicial or judicial action underRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pageseach planet has three decans, as though it were a sign of the zodiac, and one color and two talismans are attributed to every decan (pp. 147-151). The conclusion of the chapter and of Book II consists of an extract from a work on talismans by the physician alRazi, describing the constellations favorable to the manufacture of talismans for specific purposes (pp.151-52). The author gives the names of several books, among them the much-quoted Kità ¢b al-Baht, by Jà ¢bir, whose pupil he professes to be. Finally

The Causes And Effects Of Climate Change - 1690 Words

Introduction There are numerous debates about the pros and cons of climate change and what are the causes and effects of climate change. There are those who argue that the rising levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases in our environment are as a direct result of human activities. Some activities that are at the top of the list include but are not limited to the burning of fossil fuels, the cutting down of our forest, these activities are causing significant and increasingly severe climate changes which include global warming. Global warming results in a rise in the sea level, longer summers and more severe winters among other issues. Governments worldwide have come to some agreement that climate change affects every sector of life and that†¦show more content†¦Records of past sea-levels changes have also been used to ascertain knowledge and understand the dynamics of climate change. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record. General circulation models, based on the physica l sciences, are often used in theoretical approaches to match past climate data, make future projections, and link causes and effects in climate change. Climate change issues have been recognized by many different professional groups across the globe. According to researcher Richard S. J. Tol, Research Professor of Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland (2009) states that â€Å"Climate change is the mother of all externalities: larger, more complex, and more uncertain than any other environmental problem. The sources of greenhouse gas emissions are more diffuse than any other environmental problem. Every company, every farm, every household emits some greenhouse gases. The effects are similarly pervasive. Weather affects agriculture, energy use, health, and many aspects of nature—which in turn affects everything and everyone. The causes and consequences of climate change are very diverse, and those in low-income countries who contribute least to climate change are most vulnerable to its effects. Climate change is also a long-term problem. SomeShow MoreRelatedCause And Effect Of Climate Change Essay1220 Words   |  5 PagesCause and effects of Climate Change. General purpose: to inform. Specific purpose: After hearing my speech my audience will know what climate change is, what causes it and its effects now and in the future. Thesis Statement: Climate change is a very important issue that affects all of us. Organization pattern: Cause and effect. Introduction: I. (Attention-getter): How do you explain that 30 years ago we had a different weather than today? When you look at yourself in a dirty mirror; can you seeRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Climate Change1706 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss the causes and effects of climate change. Present any solutions that are relevant to these issues. Probably the most anxious threat to our earth in these two decades is climate change. Climate change refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other saying, climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer (Epa.gov, 2015). The rateRead MoreClimate Change : Causes And Effects934 Words   |  4 Pages Climate Change Paper Kaitlyn Yinger 4-17-15 Erin Reese Biology 122: 10:30-12:45 Climate Change What really causes climate change? Is it human cause or is a natural process that is happening? I think that us as humans contribute more to climate change then natural causes. Human Causes Humans affect climate change in different ways, three main ways that humans caused climate change is deforestation, greenhouse gases and Agriculture. Deforestation causes change to the landscapeRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Climate Change1084 Words   |  5 PagesAs a result of climate change, natural disaster has increased extremely, especially droughts and floods around the world. In the past several years, it can be seen that various news concerned critical climate variability and extreme weather. For instance, the United States Department of Agriculture (2013) pointed out that the US agricultural land suffered from drought about 80 percent in 2012, while BBC (2015) reported that one of four districts in Myanmar, which were warned of flooding caused byRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Climate Change Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication 11, Section D23 Informative Speech 14 November 2016 Causes and effects of Climate Change. General purpose: to inform. Specific purpose: After hearing my speech, my audience will know more what climate change is, what causes it and its effects now and in the future. Thesis Statement: Climate change is a very important issue that affects all of us, we need to know more about this issue. Organization pattern: Cause and effect. Introduction: I. (Attention-getter): When you look at yourselfRead MoreClimate Change : Causes And Effects1113 Words   |  5 Pages Climate Change: Causes and Effects Student’s Name: Institutional Affiliation: Climate Change: Causes and Effects According to Adger (2010), the combined effect of climate change and limitations of resources is serving as a threat to the sustainability of the current social-economic systems and is poised to affect our way of life. Climatic change is more than global warming. The rise in temperatures is but part of the broader changes leading to extreme temperatures, drought, floodingRead MoreClimate Change : Causes And Effects1347 Words   |  6 Pagesdebated topic of climate change. Climate change is no myth; it’s a further analysis of how our planet is suffering the negative effects of human carelessness, which can be observed through the glaciers worldwide. Due to fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, greenhouse gasses are beyond regular amounts and affecting the glaciers, causing them to melt and increase ocean and sea levels. To further understand Climate Change, one must recognize what it is. When people ponder about climate, they thinkRead MoreClimate Change : Causes And Effects1781 Words   |  8 PagesClimate change, either caused by humans, or naturally occurring, is beginning to affect several areas around the world and is causing human environmental insecurity in some already weakened states and regions. Climate change is defined simply as changes in the earth’s weather patterns. Change in climate becomes a security concern, for example, if decreased rainfall equates to decreased crop production in what was once a dependable food source that has now disappeared. The lack of this resourceRead MoreClimate Change : Causes And Effects Essay1856 Words   |  8 PagesClimate change: Climate change is caused mainly by increase of human activity and industrialisation. For example, activities such as driving cars, farming, burning coal and cutting down forests produce greenhouse gases – mainly carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide which are emitted into the atmosphere, which create a layer of greenhouse gases around the earth and trap the sun s heat. The earth over its 4.5 billion-year history has naturally fluctuated from ice ages to extreme droughts, howeverRead MoreClimate Change : Causes, Effects And Solutions1774 Words   |  8 Pageslately on the causes, effects and solutions of global climate change. Nearly every day, scientists and politicians speak about the subject, or we hear about it in the news media. On September 23, 2014, President Obama remarked at a U.N. Climate Change Summit that â€Å"-- there’s one issue that will define the contours of this century more dramatically than any other, and that is the urgent and growing threat of a changing climate† (The White House). The science of climate and climate change involves many

An Experiment in Edge Damage Essay Example For Students

An Experiment in Edge Damage Essay When a stone flake is used in specific applications, such as sawing or whittling, distinct wear patterns are formed. In addition, unique patterns are also formed by the surface on which the tool is used. Wood, meat, hide, and bone all leave dissimilar scars on a lithic device. Modern archaeologists have devised a method, called use-wear analysis, in which attributes from archaeological remains are compared to modern examples whose function is known. This allows archeologists to determine the function of a prehistoric tool by its wear patterns. The purpose of this experiment is to note the wear patterns caused by sawing wood, and to ultimately decide if use-wear analysis is indicative of the function of past tools. A small obsidian flake would be used in this experiment. It was approximately forty-eight millimeters long, thirty-four millimeters wide, and seven millimeters thick. From the ventral view, the left side was serrated. This seemed like the most appropriate side to use as a saw. A small round twig, a centimeter thick, from a local deciduous tree was used as the wood subject. The exact species of the tree is unknown; however, it was a very hard wood and a light brown/tan color. Initially, medium pressure was used on the flake and it was moved in bi-directional strokes across the stick. After about thirty strokes, the use edge angle prohibited the flake from cutting further in to the stick. The cut was roughly three millimeters deep and three quarters millimeters wide. It could be determined that a tool, in this particular shape, could not be used as an effective saw. However, use-wear patterns could still be inferred. The flake was moved to another portion of the stick and the same process was repeated. This time the cut was only about two millimeters deep, before termination. Also, small pieces of obsidian were left in the cut and many more small pieces were mixed with sawdust on the table. The flake seemed to be deteriorating quite quickly. In addition, the pressure required to make the second cut was far more than the force needed for the initial cut. The gradual increases in pressure continued in this manner until nine cuts were made. After this, the sa w had been dulled to the point of being ineffective. In all, the procedure required roughly four hundred strokes, and wore about four millimeters of the left side of the flake. The most prominent change to the flake occurred on the serrated edge. Not only had it lost nearly four millimeters, but also the serration was rounded and no longer sharp. Furthermore there were many places on the flake were fairly sizeable pieces had come off. This is not surprising because obsidian is known for being brittle. Many of the pieces had fallen off do to the heavy pressure the flake was enduring, and were not a result of the sawing itself. What was most interesting about the wear patterns in this activity, though, was the progress nature of the deterioration. After about the third cut, the serration was already dull. More cuts just dulled the flake more and contributed to its loss of mass. The overall damage to the flake throughout the experiment seemed pretty consistent. This was surprising, because as the experiment went on, more force was used to saw the wood, however the wear did not increase. This is most likely a result of the obsidian being thicker further from th e edge, and therefore more resilient to the pressure. As stated earlier, the thickness of the flake made it a poor saw, past a certain depth. A narrower blade would have done a better job. This flake was an expedient tool and had an informal design. Therefore it obviously could not perform the task as well as a formal tool. The physical dimensions of the flake prohibited alliteration of the shape, as far as thickness was concerned, and no sort of modification could make the tool work better. .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .postImageUrl , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:hover , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:visited , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:active { border:0!important; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:active , .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueabe7a822e39d8226cadbc1f6567b69b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Emily Elizabeth Dickinson EssayAfter the post-use measurements and drawings were done, the flake was blunted by pushing it against a hard object. The purpose of this procedure was to see if there was a difference between the simple blunting of the flake, and the erosion do to sawing wood. The results were very clear. The blunting of the flake results in much different wear patterns than sawing. After sawing, the serration is rounded but still existent. Also the basic outline of the pre-use flake is preserved. Blunting eliminates the serration and smoothes out the flakes natural changes in width. There is a distinct difference in the wear patterns of sawing and blunting. Th e two would be hard to mix up. This experiment was a macroscopic experiment, however, and did not allow for microscopic analysis. Therefore, it was not unexpected that tiny cuts made by the wood could not be seen in the flakes utilized edge. Nevertheless, the macroscopic wear patterns on the flake are convincing of this one fact: Use wear analysis can be accurately used to infer the function of prehistoric tools. The unmistakable dulling of the serration and mass loss of the flake could not be confused with other activities. Whereas some activities such as whittling and scraping can produce similar wear patterns, this experiment has concluded that wear patterns resulting from sawing are strictly unique. However, the same cannot be said for the material on which the tool was used. It could be concluded that bone would leave similar wear patterns as wood on the flake. Perhaps, though, the bone would do it more quickly, in possibly two hundred strokes. In spite of this use wear analysis is still one of the foremost methods for determine the application of past tools, and with the right training, good archaeologists may find methods, perhaps microscopically, to learn on what material the tool was used and therefore transcend all limits of the experiment.

Pardoner’s tale Essay Example Essay Example

Pardoner’s tale Essay Example Paper Pardoner’s tale Essay Introduction There are many connections between the Pardoner’s tale and his own character. He too is guilty of many of the sins committed in the story. One wonders whether the Pardoner might actually behave in the same way as the men in the tale. These connections are what make the tale appropriate for the Pardoner to tell it to the Pilgrims.The first obvious connection between the Pardoner and his tale, that makes it appropriate for him to tell, is â€Å"avarice† or the greed of money. The Pardoner preaches against â€Å"avarice†, whilst openly admitting to the rest of the Pilgrims that he himself is guilty of this sin, â€Å"That I wol live in poverte wilfully. Nay, nay, I thoughte it nevere trewely!† In fact, his whole life is based around avarice, as being a Pardoner is more than a job to him, it is a way of life.It seems that he has spent a long time perfecting his preaching techniques of rhetoric to enable him to take as much money from people as possible. He dem onstrates his greed for money (and possessions) several times, â€Å"I wol have moneie, wolle, chese, and whete,/.of the povereste widwe in a village/ Al sholde hir children sterve for famine.† This is extremely cruel, but we have to wonder how many of the Pardoner’s comments are bravado rather than actual truth. We also wonder if these comments might be used to impress his ‘good friend’ the Summoner!The tale itself is based around â€Å"avarice† and the moral of the story is that greed for money, along with blasphemy and other sins, leads to death. Each man individually shows â€Å"avarice†. The young man in the town first shows his greed when he says, â€Å"if so were that I mighte/ Have al this tresor to myself allone†. He then goes on to buy poison and contaminates the two bottles of wine meant for the other rioters. This is â€Å"avarice† working in its strongest form; driving a man to murder. The other rioters show the sam e form of â€Å"avarice† when they plot to kill the youngest rioter. This also leads one to wonder if the rioter who suggested killing the youngest man would then move on to kill the other man so that he would end up with all of the gold to himself. The listener thinks that it is probable that his â€Å"avarice† would drive him to this, just as the Pardoner would go to lengths to quench his thirst for money.The theme of death is another link between the Pardoner and his tale. This theme can be seen in the forms of both physical and spiritual death. The tale begins with death and ends with it. Death, along with â€Å"avarice†, is the central theme of the story. Death is also referred to literally, as a person, and then reverts to being metaphorical. It could be said that the Pardoner is death personified, as death is linked with â€Å"avarice† in the tale and his whole life is based on this. The Pardoner’s whole life leads toward death because he is spiritually dead. He has no beliefs obvious to the listener and seems like an empty shell of human being only wanting one thing from life; money. His lack of religious faith is demonstrated as soon as we meet the Pardoner in the General Prologue when he sings a worldly song, â€Å"Com hider, love, to me†, rather than a hymn or a Christian song. Like the Pardoner himself, death is personified in the tale, â€Å"a privee theef men clepeth Deeth†.At the end of the tale, the listener realises that death is metaphorical and not physical when the rioters die because they hold death within themselves through their â€Å"avarice†. Death is also used to create irony both in the tale and in connection with the Pardoner. It is ironic that the Pardoner is spiritually dead because his work is religious. He is the opposite of who he is supposed to be. The irony in the tale originates in the oath the three rioters swear to, â€Å"To live and dien of hem for oother.† Th is is ironic because they all swear to live and die for each other and they do all end up dying for one another. This irony is continued with a statement saying that they were real blood brothers, â€Å"As though he were his owene ybore brother.† The shedding of blood is symbolic of death and so after they become ‘blood brothers’ it means that they all die if one dies; their destinies are connected. Death is also featured in a more concentrated form of the old man. He wishes he could die but death escapes his. This ironically contrasts with the rioters for whom death is lying in wait.The moral aspect of the tale also is appropriate to the Pardoner’s fate at the end of his storytelling. The moral of the tale be interpreted not just as the aforementioned sins lead to death, but also as every person gets what they deserve from life. The rioters in the tale plotted to kill one another so perhaps it was just that they all ended up with the same fate, â€Å"ano n they stroven bothe two.Thus ended been thise homicides two,/ And eek the false empoisonere also.† This moral is also true for the Pardoner, but to a lesser extent. It must be remembered that the Pardoner has told the Pilgrims an awful lot about how greedy he is and how he tricks money out of people, he has even told them one of his sermons.It is this that leads to his downfall with the host when he asks the Pilgrims to give him money so their sins will be absolved. The listener believes that he gets what he deserves when the host replies, â€Å"Thou woldest make me kisse thyne olde breech,/ and swere it were a relick of a Seint†. The Pardoner is left speechless, for once, and has to suffer the embarrassment of being made to ‘kiss and make up’ with the host by the knight.Betrayal is a characteristic present in both the Pardoner and his tale. The Pardoner makes it his life’s work to betray people. He tells them that he wants to help them and free the m from sin, when really he wants to take their money from them for himself, â€Å"By this gaude have I wonne, yeer by yeer,/ An hundred mark sith I was a Pardoner.† He also betrays the people who he preaches to in church when tricking them into giving money in a different manner, â€Å"If any.That hath doon sinne horrible, that he/ Dar nat for shame of it yshriven be,.Swich folk shal have no power ne no grace/ To offren to my relicks†.By telling the congregation that anyone who has committed the worst sins cannot touch his relics, he is forcing them to pay because they do not want everyone else to think they have performed an awful sin. The Pardoner uses a number of other similar techniques to betray people and trick them into giving money to him. He also tells the congregation that he has a â€Å"bulle† or document from the â€Å"pope†. This makes him appear to be credible and trustworthy, but the listener realises the extreme unlikelihood of this statem ent being true. There is also much betrayal shown in the Pardoner’s tale. The most obvious treachery is each rioter plotting against another.This is summed up most clearly by the two men who stay with the gold, â€Å"thou strogelest with him as in a game,/ And with thy daggere looke thou do the same;/ And thane shal al this gold be departed be,/ .betwixt me and thee†. This betrayal is very important, as it is representative of each of the group. Each in the group would be willing to betray the other for their own means and so they each face an ill end. Another form of disloyalty in the tale is from the old man. The old man directs the three rioters towards the gold, knowing what they will do to each other; he tells them Death is waiting there for them and he is right, except for the fact that it is not a person it is literally their deaths, â€Å"‘if that yow be so leef/ To find Deeth, turne up this croked way†. It has been suggested that this old man is d eath, but in my opinion he is not as he wants to die himself and also because the death of each of the rioters comes from inside themselves.Lastly, there is a link between the brazen nature of the tale that makes it appropriate for the Pardoner to tell it. The Pardoner is audacious in the way that he tells the Pilgrims about his trickery, â€Å"I wol have moneie, wolle, chese, and whete,/.of the povereste widwe in a village/ Al sholde hir children sterve for famine.† This is very over the top and pitiless. The Pardoner is also very brazen after he finishes telling the Pilgrims his tale and he offers them the chance to buy Pardons from him, â€Å"Looke which a seuretee is it to yow alle/ That I am in your felaweshipe yfalle†. It is very cocky of the Pardoner to tell the Pilgrims that they are lucky to have him with them to Pardon their sins after he has already explained, at length, how he is a fraud.He then continues in this brazen manner when he picks on the host spec ifically and says that he can pay first as he has probably committed the most sins, â€Å"I rede that oure Hoost heere shal biginne,/ For he is moot envoluped in sinne†. It is when he is refused and made fun of when he realises that he has given away more of himself than he thought he had. The tale is also very brazen, largely through the blasphemy throughout. The revellers constantly perpetrate oral attacks on Christ’s body, â€Å"That it is grisly for to here he swere./ Oure blissed Lordes body they totere†. The shocking way the rioters plan to kill each other is also brazen. They do not feel guilt or remorse about what they want to do; their minds are clear when they make their plots to stab him with a â€Å"daggere†.In conclusion, I would say that the Pardoner’s tale is very appropriate for him. There are many aspects of it that mirror his personality. This makes the tale very interesting as it almost could have happened to the Pardoner himself if he had been in that situation. The tale also gives more away about himself the Pardoner intended. It seems that he did not make the same connections between himself and the story as the listener does. Pardoner’s tale Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Free Essays on RiverDance

â€Å"RiverDance† The weekend of Thanksgiving I traveled to Indianapolis, Indiana to spend it with my grandparents who lived there. I remember thinking when driving to Indianapolis how it was going to be the worst experience of my life. The problem was not going to spend Thanksgiving with my grandparents, but the fact that the next day on Friday 23, why were attending a family event to go see the â€Å"River dance,† at Murat Theatre. As we get closer to the time of the performance I remember thinking about all the jokes I made about the River dance and now I’m attending it. As soon as I came to the doors I saw lot of people waiting to get in. I thought to myself what is it that all these people want to see? It was just of dance of people dancing around what so exciting about that? All of us came for the same reason to see the â€Å"River dance†. I felt very strange as I walked down the lobby to the escalators. The atmosphere of the theatre was wha t you see at any concerts: coat-chec! kers, all people well dressed, everyone is smiling and excited for the event. As I sat down on my seat, I started to look around, it was a big auditorium with a seats arranged so everyone will see the event no matter where you seat. The stage didn’t have any particular decorations that will catch your eye, so I flipped the playbill to get some information before the beginning of the concert. As the lights went down, from the first minute of a play I started to loosen up a little bit. It seemed for me, that the musicians were the heart of the play. They brought life and energy. Some of these musicians didn’t just have to worry about playing the music but they also had to act too. For example, one young lady who played violin came on to the stage a few times in the show, and danced and played solo, and with the rest of dancers at the same time. Music itself, which was a folk Irish that was changed a little bit to from music of the modern, was is... Free Essays on RiverDance Free Essays on RiverDance â€Å"RiverDance† The weekend of Thanksgiving I traveled to Indianapolis, Indiana to spend it with my grandparents who lived there. I remember thinking when driving to Indianapolis how it was going to be the worst experience of my life. The problem was not going to spend Thanksgiving with my grandparents, but the fact that the next day on Friday 23, why were attending a family event to go see the â€Å"River dance,† at Murat Theatre. As we get closer to the time of the performance I remember thinking about all the jokes I made about the River dance and now I’m attending it. As soon as I came to the doors I saw lot of people waiting to get in. I thought to myself what is it that all these people want to see? It was just of dance of people dancing around what so exciting about that? All of us came for the same reason to see the â€Å"River dance†. I felt very strange as I walked down the lobby to the escalators. The atmosphere of the theatre was wha t you see at any concerts: coat-chec! kers, all people well dressed, everyone is smiling and excited for the event. As I sat down on my seat, I started to look around, it was a big auditorium with a seats arranged so everyone will see the event no matter where you seat. The stage didn’t have any particular decorations that will catch your eye, so I flipped the playbill to get some information before the beginning of the concert. As the lights went down, from the first minute of a play I started to loosen up a little bit. It seemed for me, that the musicians were the heart of the play. They brought life and energy. Some of these musicians didn’t just have to worry about playing the music but they also had to act too. For example, one young lady who played violin came on to the stage a few times in the show, and danced and played solo, and with the rest of dancers at the same time. Music itself, which was a folk Irish that was changed a little bit to from music of the modern, was is...

2 essay exam questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2 exam questions - Essay Example When this production run is optimized within the current output level, the total average cost per unit produces will decrease based on the simple fact that fixed cost per unit produced decreases as the number of output increases. Investopedia (n.d.) explains that â€Å"the purpose of analyzing marginal cost is to determine at what point an organization can achieve economies of scale. The calculation is most often used among manufacturers as a means of isolating an optimum production level. The benefit of producing one additional unit and generating revenue from that item will bring the overall cost of producing the product line down. The key to optimizing manufacturing costs is to find that point or level as quickly as possible.† Various reasons can be considered. For a monopolistic business, keeping the product’s presence in the market is necessary while waiting for the product’s improvements or innovations from the Research and Development department. Once these product improvement or innovation is achieved, the turn of events may become more profitable and may even achieve new heights of business success. Product substitutes may have caused the business to deteriorate. But as long as it is evident that product improvements or innovation will turn the tides of business back to original profitable track, it is worth keeping the business going. Otherwise, when there is no more prospects on the business line, continuing operation will just drain resources. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc , n.d.) states that â€Å"if the firms average variable costs are less than its marginal revenue at the profit maximizing level of output, the firm will not shut down in the short-run. The firm is better off continuing its operations because it can cover its variable costs and use any remaining revenues to pay off some of its fixed costs.† Demand curve for IPOD may rise with this increase on income level of young professionals.

The Benetfits of Outsourcing Your Call Center to India Research Paper

The Benetfits of Outsourcing Your Call Center to India - Research Paper Example This has been the principle reason behind the rapidly expanding offshore outsourcing of international trade in a number of service activities which had been considered non tradable even few years back. The popular idea which has emerged in this context is that â€Å"anything that one can send over the wire is up for grabs!† (Rajan & Srivastava, 2007, p.39). The project seeks to identify the typical reasons for outsourcing by organizations. The major emphasis would be on India which has proved to be one of the most popular destinations for outsourcing by US firms. The relative advantages of outsourcing in India, as against nations like China, Europe and Philippines would be explored in the project. Advantages of Outsourcing From the point of view of an economy, global outsourcing from the developed to the develop nations would be inevitable for creating a large number of while collar jobs in the latter. This would be the inescapable outcome of allocation of resources to their m ore productive uses following international trade. This has been the principle motivating reason for outsourcing. ... Thus outsourcing would necessarily mean to bring about benefits to the society even though certain transitional costs would be associated with it (Rajan & Srivastava, 2007, p.40). There has been extensive research works that have indicated that both the developing and the industrialized nations would reap significant gains from the outsourcing of services. This would necessarily lead to efficiency gains for the industrial nations through the opportunity of developing their expertise in areas of their competencies. A per the McKinsey Global Institute (2003), for each US $1 worth of outsourcing, the nation gains $1.12 while the outsourced nation gains approximately $0.33. The above fact reveals the extent of static gains that companies can reap through outsourcing. Most of the multinational organizations have begun to outsource their service activities on a routine basis. This is because it is felt that if they don’t outsource while their competitors continue to do so aggressive ly, they would be losing on the local and global market to the foreign rivals. This would result in stagnating profits which would reduce the rate of creation of capital and investments in domestic technologies. The cost saving advantage from outsourcing has evolved as the most popular source of value to the US organizations in particular (Rajan & Srivastava, 2007, p.40). Global outsourcing has been significantly effective in reaping benefits for the developing nations in the world. This has been possible through the opening up of new exports, employment opportunities, growth in the numerous tradable service activities. While considering a more dynamic picture, the increase in income levels brought about by trade would also lead to the creation of favorable feedback effects for many of the other

Analysing The Terrorism In Southeast Asia Tourism Essay

Analysing The Terrorism In Southeast Asia Tourism Essay Traveling has always been part of peoples lives for many centuries, in the olden days people used to travel for religious purposes, cultural, or just to explore the world out there. Frankly, tourism is defined as travelling from one place to another place or from one country to another whether it is for leisure purposes, business purposes, or other purposes. Tourism is considered as one of the fast and largest in growing, as well as industries of generating jobs around the world. Crisis and conflicts are parts of our daily lives as it always will and always have been, hence the importance of the countrys economic affected by terrorism events to a countrys tourism is undeniable, which will as well impacts the countrys political and social issues as well. For most developing countries around the world, tourism is a critical source that generates revenue and hence an important component that plays a major role in political, economical, and social development, a strong tie of relationshi p that assist in rewarding the country if there is positive condition exist on global economy. As Malaysia is one of the Southeast Asian countries, according to research the Malaysian Tourism Minister, Datuk Seri Ng Yen Yen stated that even though the year of 2009 is a year that Malaysia had its hard times, but it seemed that it was a good year for Malaysian tourism industry, contribution of RM1bil per week to the economy of the country by the industry of the Tourism Malaysia in the year of 2009, providing as well as generating employment to more than a million Malaysians making Malaysia ranks the ninth most travelled destination around the world by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). However what if there is a negative condition exist in Southeast Asia region which will affect countries inside that region, for example such as terrorism events orccured in the country or neighboring countries. (www.news.malaysia.msn.com) Terrorism is defined as political violence-based crisis express a kind of chaos that aims physically to destroy people whom are unprotected, while claiming themselves that they have an ideological viewpoint, simply saying terrorists are political in their aims, and they usually threaten to use violence or resort to forceful acts, their actions are usually designed, for it is beyond the immediate target of their psychological reprecussions, they are normally governed by an organization from a chain of command, which that is why they were designated as terrorism from what they have done. Terrorism events are unpredictable as these events would take place at anytime and anywhere. The effects of terrorism to a countrys economy might be terrifying, this is due to the cause of high decrease in the number of tourists that has potential in generating resources to the country as well a decrease in tourism income that will endanger a collapse in the local travel and tourism industry which affe cts and brings interruption in the tourism sectoral activities. Other than that, this impact may also lead to deflation, mass unemployment from the area that had been terrorized and people working there have to make pause in their work or be unemployed unless there is another possible job vacancy for them , homelessness where civilians staying nearby the terrorized area where they call it home might be requested to transferred from that area to another safe shelter, crime might rise as well when they countrys security is unbalance and uncontrollable, business break down and other social and economic ills. One of the areas in Asia that is fast in becoming the hot spot of terrorism acts which is the region of Southeast Asia. Southeast Asia consist of 17 countries which includes Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Burma (Myanmar), Laos, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand. This is due to the very high incidence of growing and increasing piracy threat from terrorism around the area of Southeast Asia, where this is the regional area that attracts most prone on acts of piracy whereby accounting on all piracy attacks for around 50 percent worldwide. This terrorism events are aggravated by indigenous groups of terrorist in strong maritime traditions, and this terrorism acts and piracy has made Southeast Asia a concern in regional security. There are three terrorist groups that usually strikes Southeast Asia regions which has the proven capability and intentions to exercise maritime terrorism, which is The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and the Gerakan Aceh M erdeka (GAM), and Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is the best known in its terrorism acts because of its organizational structure, how they operate their strategy, membership and how they imply for maritime security in Southeast Asia. (Maritime Terrorism In Southeast Asia, Rommel C.Banlaoi 2005, pg:1) 1.2 Problem Statements The problem is about how will the acts terrorism affect most of the tourism industry in Southeast Asia. Tourism is the most sensitive sector in Southeast Asia as well as the whole world, and terrorism has rapidly increased its impact on tourism all over the world including Southeast Asia. Terrorist picks tourism as their target because tourism is one of the countrys resource generating relationship which leads to political, social, and economical issues. Tourism will be their easy target audience due to the fact that terrorist actions will do great damage to a country by damaging the economy of that particular country in Southeast Asia through tourism, whereby the multiplier effect from the terrorism acts are high. Other than that, it will diminishes a public image of Southeast Asia through tourism that tourist dare not travel into Southeast Asia knowing that countries in it was being aimed, or tourist will feel insecure even if they traveled into that particular country affecting th roughout their whole trip as they cannot enjoy but feeling worried about their safety, or might never visit to countries located in Southeast Asia anymore. People around the world might think twice before travelling to places in Southeast Asia and this is definitely a threat to the development of Southeast Asian tourism because tourism can only be thrive under peaceful conditions (Pizam and Mansfield, 1996 : 2) and its might cause a lot of good tourism opportunities to Southeast Asia. 1.3 Research Objectives 1. Analysing the terrorism in Southeast Asia. 2. Analysing how highly will terrorism affect tourism industry in Southeast Asia. 3. Create awareness about terrorism in Southeast Asia to tourist. 4. Recommendations and suggestions in reducing and fighting against terrorism in Southeast Asia. 1.4 Research Questions What are the popular groups of terrorist available in Southeast Asia. Which country in Southeast Asia that attract most to terrorism? What are the effects of terrorism to Southeast Asia tourism? What has been done to reduce terrorism in Southeast Asia? Who will benefit when terrorism is successfully reduced? 1.5 Conceptual Framework and Theoretical Framework 1.5.1 Conceptual Framework Terrorism In Southeast Asia Individual awareness and knowledge of Terrorism. The actions done by the government and organizations. The Effects of Terrorism to the Tourism Industry in Southeast Asia. 1.5.2 Theoretical Framework This research will mostly touch on the terrorism that is rapidly increasing its impact on the tourism industry of Southeast Asia and how it actually affects the tourism industry. Moreover, Terrorism events can take place anywhere and anytime, bringing its effect that involves mostly in the Political, Economical, and Social issues as well as its consequences around the regional area that was being attacked as well as their tourism industry. In the newspapers, we can see that terrorism acts happened all around the world and we can read all about it but not all can understand the real tragic that certain countries had been through handling, solving and preventing these terrorism acts from happening again, and people might get sloppy thinking that terrorism acts like these are just another day around the world and care less about it. This will allow possible terrorism to happen again as people do not take precautions and preventions. There are many actions taken by the government around the world to reduce possible terrorism events to happen again. If these terrorism acts are not properly prevented, it will be very dangerous to the potential victims and people living in their country, as their country might be in chaos as well as tourist travelling around the world. 1.6 Importance of Significance of study This is important because, Terrorism is increasing drastically around the world and research has shown that Southeast Asia is fast in becoming the worlds hot spot for terrorism activities. Ever since what happened on September 2001, America has put focus on terrorist organization and groups that is located in Southeast Asia, which according to research particularly to countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore as well as Thailand, and this is all because Southeast Asia is a potential base for their terrorism operations. Besides that, this research is targeted to acknowledge people around the world of how serious the importance of safety and security during a travel and how it will cause damage to countries in Southeast Asias economy, social, and political issues through tourism by targeting tourists. It is very important that people around the world trying to solve and reduce terrorist organization because if people around the world care less about that terrorism is just happening in certain areas of Southeast Asia and never do any precautions or preventions then terrorism acts are so much easier and frequent it will happen again and it will be very hard to bring them down when their organization is throughout the world. This is why actions like precautions and preventions needed to be done to reduce possibilities of terrorism from happening, because incidents like these can be prevented from happening and people doesnt need to die that way if prevention had been done. 1.7 Scope and limitations of the study This research is about the terrorism rates that is drastically increasing in Southeast Asia and it will affect the tourism industry. However, this research focuses more on terrorism than tourism. The time duration for this study is from 1995 to the year of 2009 whereby terrorism events happened. All the information used is the latest and current incidents. This research tries to cover as many angles and aspects of terrorism to create a better understanding for readers such as terrorism in Southeast Asia, terrorism effects to the tourism industry of Southeast Asia, and finally some suggestions. As terrorism events are very common in Southeast Asia, there is a lot of information regarding it. For the security and safety of the countries located in Southeast Asia and to tourist as well as they are the terrorists main aim and effects of terrorism attacks to the Southeast Asian tourism. In order to complete this research, the information can be acquired from internet, newspapers, journals, and books. Internet is the main source for the study as it provides the latest study on terrorism in Southeast Asian tourism. The internet provides all sorts of information regarding terrorism and tourism in Southeast Asia. These information are reliable as it is published by newspapers, professors and renowned researchers. Chapter 2 : Review of related literature 2.1 Terrorism in Southeast Asia Ever since the horrifying incident that happened on September 2001, Americans has put their eye on radical Islamist and terrorist organization which is active in Southeast Asia, which according to research, countries that normally has potential terrorist organization affiliated where Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, as well as Malaysia. The Americans had put their eye on these counties is all because Southeast Asia is a potential safe haven for terrorist organization and their operations as well. Other than that, the international terrorist organization Al Qaeda they was able to establish local Southeast Asian cells and penetrating the region, having trained Southeast Asian in their hideout camps which located in the country of Afghanistan, and cooperating as well as financing with indigenous radical Islamist groups and so far the southern Philippines and Indonesia has been fragile and easy to be penetrated by terrorist of Islamic groups. (Terrorism in Southeast Asia, by Bruce Vaughn, pg:1) Al Qaeda Al Sulbah which currently this terrorist organization was renamed as Al Qaeda Al Jihad, Al Qaeda is the twenty first century and current multinational group of terrorist consist of 3,000 to 4,000 loyal members that had extensive ties worldwide such as the group of Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) located in Southeast Asia, the Salafist Group for Call and Combat located in North Africa, and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) which is located in Central Asia. Most intelligents find it hard to understand the Al Qaeda, this is due to this terrorist organization works their domain in both as idealogically as well as operationally. Other than that, of all the groups and parties that Al Qaeda has established by influencing and infiltrating which is the Kumpulan Militan Malaysia located in Malaysia (KMM), the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) from the southern part of Philippines, the Jamaah Salafiyah located in the southern Thailand, as well as the Laskar Jundullah whi ch is located in Indonesia. Right after Al Qaeda penetrated into the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and made them associates, they divided their task of distributed areas and infrastructure, responsibilities, assigned personnel through interllectual and physical contact having Al Qaeda ideologues, operatives and trainers ideologically and physically strengthened dozens groups of Islamist terrorist, charities, political parties as well as specialized individuals in Southeast Asia regions, and they split them into territorial organizations which is named Mantiqis and it consist of four different Mantiqi, Mantiqi (M1) had their primary base located in Malaysia covering Malaysia territory, Southern Thailand as well as Singapore. Other than that, Mantiqi 2 (M2) is in charged of whole Indonesia except for Sulawesi and Kalimantan. However Mantiqi 3 (M3) is in charged of the Borneo regions which east Malaysias Sabah and Sarawak, Brunei, as well as Sulawesi and Kalimantan located in Indonesia and of cause the southern Philippine s too because they made their base in the camp of Abu Bakar which is located in Maguidanao in Philippines, and Mantiqi 4 (M4) is in charged of the country of Australia and Irian Jaya. As you can see, Al Qaeda has made Islamist networks around the Southeast Asian region from Australia to Southern Thailand. 2.2 Terrorism effects to the Tourism Industry in Southeast Asia There were explanations that why terrorist like Al Qaeda chose Southeast Asia as their operational base and target area, according to research this is because Southeast Asia are countries of convenience hence making the regional areas around a back office for their operations, and most of the countries like Thailand were transit hubs, Indonesia and Philippiness bordering controls are easy to be penetrated because Philippines didnt have any immigration computerized system in standby only until recently and Indonesian police force were corrupted enabling them to operate at ease, and Indonesia or Malaysia had lax visa requirements. For example, terrorist has made their choice to attack tourist such as bombing a tourist resort is because it obviously offered a relatively fragile target, and it will always includes large numbers of foreigners whose death will absolutely attrack the publicity by the cause of the terrorists. Tourists are better aims because they are able to generate greater publicity than only to locals whereby this sort of publicity is difficult to be suppressed and it enables terrorist in making various causes to be known and be feared worldwide. Take the island of Bali Indonesia for instance, that terrorism attacks have occured consecutively, first deadly attack was done by the terrorist group Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) which was affiliated to Al Qaeda on the massive bombing of Bali island which happened on 12th of October 2002 killing a large amount approximately 200 innocent people, mostly westerners, and police was able to indentify who was leading these suicide bombers which was two Malaysian fugitives, Azahari and Noordin. Azahari was killed during a raid, however Noordin was still on the run, during the raid police found a lot of vest-bombs, books, VCDs and a plan of bomb party for New Year and Christmas. The second attack happened on 1st of October 2005 which is also on Bali island on cafes along Kuta and Jimbaran Bay, however the second attack was lease damaging having 20 people died including 3 suicide bombers. These events were recorded by confessions of 3 suicide bombers before what happened on 1st of October 2005 and this were circulated worldwide throughout the media confessing there will be attacks again in the future. Bali had been relatively attracted to terrorist visions because if any local victims that was caught in the fire, it would most likely be Hindu instead of Muslims whereby as these events happens, it would show other religions that only being a Muslim will be safe from them. Right after what happened in 2005 Bali attack, local police found documents stated why terrorist choose Bali, whereas the answer would be, because this is the attack that will impact globally that everyone in the world gets the massage the attacks are for the United States and its allies when this attack is covered by media worldwide which turns out to be an accurate prediction from those terrorist since media can travel fast throughout the world right after Bali was attacked. Bali is renowned throughout the whole world, and its even more famous than Indonesia itself despite that it is just an island in Indon esia. This has made the government of Australia end up worried about their fellow citizens and issued several travel warnings as well as leading to declining in visitor arrivals. At first Indonesia thought their tourism industry was so strong that it would not be affected but at the very end because of combination of several travel warnings and televised confessions from the suicide bombers their population of tourist decreased drastically. Apart of knowing that Noordin was still out there, ongoing coverage of possible further terrorist attacks travel warnings and the hunt for terrorists from Australians and Asian media has caused fear upon people around the world and it is obvious that this frightens potential tourist away. In the year of 2005 right after the bombing incidents, hotel occupancy in Bali during the New Year and Christmas period drop below 40 percent as this should the busiest and fully occupied times of the year in Bali due to the awareness of global terrorist threat. Other than that, in year 2006 it was a huge downturn and occupancy dropped to 30 percent. In addition, at the same year on the 24th of November, the Bali-based and renowned airline Air Paradise International (API) was forced to terminate 350 of its employees and some were Australian employees, this happened to Garuda Indonesia as well whereby they reduce their flights between Japan and Bali from 22 to 16 per week and Australia and Bali from 32 to 25 per week because the highest drop of demand in passenger was Japan and Australia. This causes overall arrivals to Bali dropped more than 50 percent from approximately 4,500 a day to 2,000 a day right after the bombings in year 2005. These attacks might have impacted fear to westerners, however in this process it caused great damage not just to the Indonesian tourism industry, but to their economics issues, social issues, and political issues as well. In research, it had shown that Balis tourism sector on year 2005 is far worse than what happen ed on year 2002 tourism when deaths casualties in high difference that only 20 died in year 2005 and 200 died in 2002. It might be a possible explaination that, the first attack on 2002 has gathered investigators and support in restoring Balis image as a safe travel destination from international community by helping to speed up the investigation, however the second attack on 2005 has brought up a perception to the whole world that this terrorist attacks could be frequent and it is obviously dangerous to travel to Bali. This shows that terrorism acts are so influential throughout Southeast Asia and how it can destroy and make fear but even to a countrys economy by destroying a countrys tourism industry yet able to achieve their goal in passing the message to westerners. Since most of the frequent terrorist attacks are situated mostly in Southeast Asia. This causes a deep impact to tourism industries in Southeast Asia when people around the world knowing these events can be happen so frequently and knowing it is so dangerous travelling to Southeast Asia. 2.3 Suggestions and recommendations In order to reduce terrorism in Southeast Asia, countries which are in the regional area should form enough intel organization to fight against terrorism that is affecting tourism industry in Southeast Asia. For example, when people was acknowledged that terrorist attacks was somewhere near their country but not their country and they would care less about it knowing their own country is safe, but what if that happens to their country and its all the same, it is so much better to work together in fighting against terrorism together, it will be harder for terrorist organization to act when they were all pinned down. Eventually when there are no terrorist threats, the numbers of tourist will rise cause people feels safe and it will aid a lot in the countrys economy by raising the number of tourist into the country as tourists are potential money generators and to be able to have a flourished economy in a country, tourism industry plays a major roles in saving a countrys economy. Chapter 3 Research Methodology In order to proceed this topic, I have to find out suitable methods to collect data resources. I have chosen to use qualitative method, which can be defined as a method of research that is nonnumeric and by analyzing the research with subjective meanings and providing real perceptions onto the findings. It is much more reliant upon, that information and data can be acquired in books and can be defined easier by just reading and understanding it.

Exploration Of Social Issues In Once Upon A Time :: essays research papers fc

Once Upon a Social Issue Fairy tales have always been told to us as children; whether to comfort or entertain us, they always seem to be a part of most everyone’s childhood. When Nadine Gordimer was asked to write a children’s story, she replied with a short story titled â€Å"Once Upon A Time†. Although the title is characteristic of a fairy tale, she leads the tale to an ending that is anything other than â€Å"†¦happily ever after.† Gordimer distorts the fairy tale by dealing with certain issues rather than giving the reader the usual fairy tale characteristics. Three of the more significant issues Gordimer likes to deal with in her story are racial discrimination and prejudice, society’s insecurities, and the persuasive way fairy tales have with children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gordimer’s â€Å"Once Upon A Time† has the feeling of insecurity right away. In the first part of her story, Gordimer reminds us of our own insecurities. She brings up a familiar situation in which one is awakened by a bump in the night and cannot go back to sleep because of fear or their own insecurities. Gordimer writes, â€Å"I have no burglar bars, no gun under the pillow, but I have the same fears as people who do take these precautions...† So, to better convey this issue of society’s insecurities, she tells herself a bedtime story. In the story, there is a family who is living â€Å"†¦happily ever after†, yet is seems it is all that they can do to keep it that way. Rather than putting their insecurities aside and getting on with their lives, they feel that they must put their trust in security devices to protect their selves. For a short while, the family has a sense of security by posting a plaque stating â€Å"†™YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED† over the silhouette of a prospective intruder. After a short time the family’s psychological need for more security calls for a number of new security devices in order to sustain the top level of security. It is in the family’s pursuit of this â€Å"security† that they virtually imprison themselves. After the installation of burglar bars, Gordimer describes the view â€Å"from every window and door in the house where they were living happily ever after they now saw the trees and sky through bars.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the less obvious issues lining â€Å"Once Upon A Time† is racial discrimination. Gordimer first suggestion that this suburb may be slightly racist is by stating that the plaque on their gate warning possible intruders didn’t designate black or white, therefore protesting too much the owner of the home not to be a racist.

Courage in To Kill a Mockingbird Essay

â€Å"Courage is rightly esteemed the first of human qualities†¦ because it is the quality which guarantees all others,† (Winston Churchill). There are several different ways t be courageous. Harper Lee, in her 1960 novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, uses courage as a main theme. Harper Lee demonstrates that if one can tell the truth, change or remain rooted in their morals, they are a minority among people who lack the ability to do so. In To Kill a Mockingbird there are different characters that show it takes a certain amount of courage to tell the truth. When Dolphus Raymond said, â€Å"You little folk won’t tell on me now, will you? It’d ruin my reputation if you did,† (Lee 227) after he showed the kids that is was Coke in his paper and not alcohol. It was to make the children feel better about the trial. He had the courage to tell the kids the truth, right when there was a whole lot of lying going on in the courtroom, and risked them spreading his story. Another great example is that Tom Robinson, during his trial, had the courage to tell the truth about why he regularly helped Mayella. When Mr. Gilmer asked Tom why he was so obliged to do Mayella’s chores for free, Tom ruined any chance he had of winning the case by answering, â€Å"I felt right sorry for her, she seemed to try more’n the rest of ’em,† (224). Back in the 1930’s in the southern hills of Maycomb County, Alabama, where this story takes place, how dare a black man feel sorry for a white woman. The white citizens of the south believed that blacks were the lowest of the low. Lower than trailer trash, like the Ewells. What Tom said contradicted the mindset of the time and he died because of it. Not many characters have the strength to tell the truth, however some do and the make a world of change. Harper Lee, in To Kill a Mockingbird, shows the readers that having the ability to change is quite significant. Not everyone can, and change can take your life, shake it a bit and when it’s put back down you don’t know if it is for better or for worse. Scout always used to get into fights. One day, Atticus asked Scout to stop fighting. Scout loves her father very much and doesn’t want to disappoint him so she listened, no matter how much she got chided for it. When I committed myself to a policy of cowardice. Word got around that Scout Finch wouldn’t fight anymore, her daddy wouldn’t let her,† (92). It was courageous of her to change because fighting was a big part of her life and her peers were sure to tease her. Another character that exemplifies the courage to change is Mrs. Dubose. She was addicted to morphine but had the courage to change for the final hours of her life, even though she knew she would die soon no matter what. â€Å"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. Courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what,† (128). Mrs. Dubose had the courage to change and died content with herself. It’s clear that you need to be courageous to change because not many characters change in this story. Maycomb was born in ignorance and Maycomb continued to live in ignorance. The most courageous acts in To Kill a Mockingbird occur when a character is alone in their morals and remain rooted in those morals no matter what. Atticus is a perfect example of someone â€Å"sticking to their guns†. The reason that he gives his children as to why he is defending the black man, Tom Robinson is, â€Å"Before I can live with other folks, I’ve got to live with myself,† (120). A different example is at the end of the book, when Boo Radley kills Bob Ewell. Sherriff Tate sticks to his morals by reporting that Mr. Ewell fell on his knife. Sherriff Tate told Atticus that if Boo was charged with murder, the attention he would receive from the town’s women would kill Boo. Another example of a character being steadfast in their morals is when Calpurnia, knowing that everyone is equal, takes Jem and Scout to the black people’s church. Some of the black folks weren’t very welcoming to the kids because they were white. â€Å"Lula stopped, but she said, ‘You ain’t got no business bringin’ white chillun here-they got their church, we got our’n. It is our church ain’t it Miss Cal? ‘ Calpurnia said, ‘It’s the same God ain’t it? ‘† (136). These characters truly are minorities. That is when they shine and are model citizens of Maycomb County. Seems like being alone, fighting for what they believe in, makes them stronger. In To Kill a Mockingbird, it is the characters that have the courage to stand out against racism and break the status quo of Maycomb County that are a minority among the characters that don’t. Courage is one of the biggest themes in To Kill a Mockingbird and only a special few are able to possess it. As Reggie White said, â€Å"God places the heaviest burden on those who can carry its weight. â€Å"

Van Goghs Starry Night Essay - 1008 Words

When I was taking art in high school the artist that stood out to me was not Monet or Michelangelo. I was at awe of an artist that chopped his ear off and put it in an envelope to give to his mistress at a brothel. How would you react to someone giving you his or her ear and want you to keep it? That would be like Evander Holyfield giving away his ear to a person saying, â€Å"Hold this is will be worth millions one day.† That artist was Vincent Van Gogh. I want to compare the oil painting of Van Gogh’s â€Å"Starry Night† to the lyrics of Don McLean and the lessons they tell. Vincent Van Gogh was born in the Netherlands in 1853. In the younger years, he wanted to dedicate his life to evangelism of the poverty. Van Gogh’s father was a pastor†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Starry, starry night. Paint your palette blue and grey; Look out on a summers day, with eyes that know the darkness in my soul. Shadows on the hills, Sketch the trees and the daffodils, Catch the breeze and the winter chills, in colors on the snowy linen land (The Van Gogh Gallery).† In my mind, this verse McLean is comparing the blue and grey hues to the mental breakdown that Van Gogh was having at the time of the painting because he was in the asylum. The imagery used in this verse allows the listener to feel as if they were actually feeling the breeze of the winter chill. â€Å"Starry, starry night. Flaming flowers that brightly blaze, Swirling clouds in violet haze, reflect in Vincents eyes of china blue. Colors changing hue, morning field of amber grain, weathered faces lined in pain, are soothed beneath the artists loving hand (The Van Gogh Gallery).† This verse is referencing a few paintings done by the hands of Van Gogh in which he shows his talent as a painter. â€Å"Flaming flowers that brightly blaze† references â€Å"Sunflowers† â€Å"the colors are vibrant and express emotions typically a ssociated with the life of sunflowers: bright yellows of the full bloom to arid browns of wilting and death; all of the stages woven through these polar opposites are presented. 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